Biofuels Policy Shock: The EPA granted 1.76B renewable fuel credits via 2025 small refinery exemptions and plans to reallocate waived volumes to larger refiners in 2026–27, a move that could reshape demand for corn and other feedstocks. Climate Governance at Sea: UNFCCC’s Ocean Dialogue flagged stronger ocean priorities in national climate plans, better measurement for blue carbon, and more finance ahead of COP31. Heat and Risk: A persistent ridge is driving a Kentucky heatwave, while a separate report notes El Niño is intensifying beyond the last millennium—raising stakes for extreme weather. Disaster in the Himalayas: Nepal’s flash floods, linked to glacial collapse, killed hundreds and are framed by advocates as a climate crime tied to fossil fuels. Water and Pollution: Michigan odor investigators are working without air-sampling gear, and a tap-water study finds nitrate levels vary sharply even within the same city. Energy Infrastructure Tensions: New York can’t enforce its $75B climate “superfund” law, and Wisconsin’s DNR paused Enbridge’s Line 5 reroute after a spill. Circular Materials: South Korea researchers turned 18,700 tons of kimchi radish waste into biodegradable bioplastic. Local Efficiency Win: Portland’s long-running LED streetlight shift cuts energy use and saves about $1.5M a year.